The inability of a woman
to reach orgasm is actually a medical condition called orgasmic dysfunction. It
is also referred to as Female Orgasmic Disorder (FOD). This lack of
response affects the quality of the woman's sexual experiences. To understand
this disorder, it is first necessary to understand the physiological changes
that normally take place in a woman's body during sexual arousal and orgasm. When a
woman is sexually excited, the blood vessels in the pelvic area expand,
allowing more blood to flow to the genitals. This is followed by the seepage of
fluid out of blood vessels and into the vagina to provide lubrication before
and during intercourse. These events are called the "lubrication-swelling
response." Body tension and blood flow
to the pelvic area continue to build as a woman receives more sexual
stimulation; this occurs either by direct pressure on the clitoris or as
pressure on the walls of the vagina and cervix. This tension builds as blood
flow increases. When tension is released, pleasurable rhythmic contractions of
the uterus and vagina occur; this release is called an "orgasm." The
contractions carry blood away from the genital area and back into general
circulation. However, for someone suffering from FOD, sexual
arousal and lubrication occur. Body tension builds, but the woman is unable or
has extreme difficulty reaching climax and releasing the tension. This
inability can lead to frustration and unfulfilling sexual experiences for both
partners. Also, lack of orgasm can cause anger, frustration, and other
problems in the relationship.
It is
normal for orgasms to vary in intensity, length, and number of contractions
from woman to woman. The main symptom of orgasmic dysfunction is the inability
to achieve sexual climax. Having unsatisfying orgasms or taking longer than
normal to reach climax are also symptoms. Orgasmic dysfuntion does not refer
only to sexual intercourse. It also refers to the inability to reach orgasm
during masturbation or direct stimulation of the clitoris.
FOD can
be generalized or situation-specific. In generalized FOD, the failure to have
an orgasm occurs with different partners and in many different settings. In
situational FOD, inability to reach climax occurs only with specific partners
or under particular circumstances. FOD may be due either to psychological
factors or a combination of physiological and psychological factors, but not
due to physiological factors alone.
Physiological causes of FOD include:
- damage to the blood vessels of
the pelvic region
- spinal cord lesions or damage
to the nerves in the pelvic area
- side effects of medications
(antipsychotics, antidepressants, narcotics) or illicit substance abuse
- removal of the clitoris (also
called female genital mutilation, a cultural practice in parts of Africa,
the Middle East, and Asia)
Psychological causes of
FOD include:
- history of sexual abuse, rape,
incest
- emotional abuse
- fear becoming pregnant
- fear of rejection by partner
- fear of loss of control during
orgasm/performance anxiety
- self-image problems
- relationship problems with
partner such as unresolved conflicts or lack of trust (leading to sexual disconnection )
- life stresses, such as
financial worries, job loss, or divorce
- guilt about sex or sexual
pleasure
- religious or cultural beliefs
about sex
- major depression
other underlying factors
may include;
- age,
especially in women undergoing menopause
- chronic
illness
- embarrassment
or shyness
- hysterectomy
(an operation in which the woman’s uterus is removed)
- medical
issues, such as diabetes or neurological disorders
The
first step in treating orgasmic dysfunction is talking to your doctor. While it
may be embarrassing, it’s the best way to help ensure that you can fully enjoy
sexual activity again. Your doctor may refer you to a gynecologist for a
follow-up exam
Treatment
for orgasmic dysfunction depends on the cause. You may need to: treat any underlying conditions; switch antidepressant medications; try some
form of talk therapy; receive
direct clitoral stimulation during masturbation and sexual intercourse.Couples
therapy is a popular treatment option. It’s a way for couples to connect better
intimately. This can address issues both in the relationship and in the
bedroom. In
couples therapy, they often assign "homework" that focuses on
relaxation techniques, sexual exploration, improving sexual communication,
decreasing inhibitions, and increasing direct clitoral stimulation.
Individually, a woman might be encouraged to masturbate either through
self-stimulation or with a vibrator. In addition, kegel exercises, which
improve the strength and tone of the muscles in the genital area, may be
recommended.
There
are no sure ways to prevent FOD. However, reducing life factors that causes
stress can be effective. Seeking counseling or psychotherapy for past trauma,
or when problems begin to appear in a relationship can help minimize sexual
dysfunction problems.
Essentially,
couples should pay close attention to each other during sexual intercourse and
not get selfishly carried away. Your spouse may be suffering from orgasmic
dysfunction.
Reference: Encyclopedia of mental disorder.
Reference: Encyclopedia of mental disorder.